![]() Hariri F, Abdul Rahman ZA, Bahuri NFA, Azmi MN, Abdullah NA, Ganesan D. ![]() Traumatic cranial injury sustained from a fall on the rigid external distraction device. Management of severe cleft maxillary deficiency with distraction osteogenesis: procedure and results. Le Fort III advancement with gradual distraction using internal devices. Craniosynostosis: Surgical management in infancy. Surgical strategy for Apert syndrome: retrospective study of developmental quotient and three-dimensional computerized tomography. ![]() Tomita S, Miyawaki T, Nonaka Y, Sakai S, Nishimura R. Pfeiffer syndrome update, clinical subtypes, and guidelines for differential diagnosis. Apert syndrome: A consensus on the management of Apert hands. Pettitt DA, Arshad Z, Mishra A, McArthur P. Pathological anatomy of the hands in Apert's syndrome. Apert syndrome mutant FGFR2 and its soluble form reciprocally alter osteogenesis of primary calvarial osteoblasts. Suzuki H, Suda N, Shiga M, Kobayashi Y, Nakamura M, Iseki S, et al. Long-Term Evaluation of Mandibular Growth in Children With FGFR2 Mutations. Extensive phenotyping of the orofacial and dental complex in Crouzon syndrome. Khominsky A, Yong R, Ranjitkar S, Townsend G, Anderson PJ. Orbital Dysmorphology in Untreated Children with Crouzon and Apert Syndromes. 16(3):245-53.įorte AJ, Steinbacher DM, Persing JA, Brooks ED, Andrew TW, Alonso N. ![]() Description of a dry skull with Crouzon syndrome. Samatha Y, Vardhan TH, Kiran AR, Sankar AJ, Ramakrishna B. Predisposition for cysteine substitutions in the immunoglobulin-like chain of FGFR2 in Crouzon syndrome. Crouzon syndrome: mutations in two spliceoforms of FGFR2 and a common point mutation shared with Jackson-Weiss syndrome. This review was undertaken for that purpose showing the main features of pacemaker functioning, as well as, the correct interpretation of electrocardiographic traces and the main causes of malfunction.Gorry MC, Preston RA, White GJ, et al. Doctors must be familiar with these findings and have an understanding of the main causes of malfunction. The electrocardiographic traces vary according to the type of device, number and location of electrodes, as well as their configuration. The use of stimulation has increased significantly from 46.7/100.000 in 1993 to 61.6/100.000 in 2009, showed by the dual chamber device use rate which has increased from 62 to 82% during this period, with around 20.000 upgrades performed yearly in the United States. Even more modern pacemakers are capable to provide diagnoses which indicate cardiovascular physiopathology. Several algorithms were designed to offer a time to deliver a stimulus pulse. The latest pacemakers have the ability to detect rhythm and provide cardiovascular disease states. With the development of pulse generators, pacemakers are now smaller in size and have increased device longevity and complexity. Es importante que el médico se encuentre familiarizado con estos hallazgos, así como las principales causas del mal funcionamiento, por ello se presenta esta revisión donde se muestran las características principales de función de los marcapasos, así como su normal interpretación en el electrocardiograma y las principales causas de mal funcionamiento.Ĭardiac pacemakers have been part of the therapeutic arsenal for the treatment of a variety of bradyarrhythmias during many decades. El trazado en el electrocardiograma varía de acuerdo con el tipo de dispositivo, número y colocación de electrodos, así como su configuración. El uso de la estimulación ha aumentado en forma significativa de 46,7/100.000 en 1993 a 61,6/100.000 en 2009, con el porcentaje de dispositivos de cámara doble, pasando del 62% al 82% durante este período, con alrededor de 20.000 reemplazos al año en los Estados Unidos. Los más recientes ofrecen diagnósticos del ritmo y estado de la enfermedad, con varios algoritmos diseñados para ofrecer un tiempo de entrega de la estimulación de impulsos y aun los más recientes presentan diagnósticos indicativos de la fisiopatología. Los marcapasos cardíacos han sido parte del arsenal terapéutico para el manejo de una variedad de bradiarritmias durante muchas décadas y con la evolución de los generadores de estimulación se ha reducido su tamaño, incrementado la longevidad, así como su complejidad.
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